Sinusitis is characterized infectious inflammation of facial sinuses.
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The sinuses are cavities in the region of the skull and nose, on the side of the nose in the jaw, and in the frontal region, across the forehead, and behind the eyes.
The sinuses combine with their own resonance cavities for the voice, reduce the weight of the skull, and warm the inspired air.
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And they are covered by a mucous membrane similar to that of the nose, rich in mucus-producing glands, covered by cilia with movements that conduct any foreign material near the nose, so that it is eliminated.
The flow of mucous secretion from the facial sinuses is imperceptible and permanent.
Anatomical changes, which are capable of preventing secretion drainage, and allergic or infectious processes, which generate inflammation of mucous membranes and contribute to the installation of opportunistic germs, are characterized as factors that predispose to sinusitis.
Sinusitis and Headaches
Sinusitis can be divided into chronic and acute.
in acute illness, there is usually a headache in the most affected area of the face sinus, maxillary, frontal, sphenoid, and ethmoid sinuses.
The pain may be intense, stabbing and throbbing, or you may feel pressure or heaviness in your head.
A headache of sinusitis represents acute headache when acute sinusitis occurs, which is located in the area of the affected sinus, if the disease is of the maxillary sinus, the headache will appear below the eyes, by the apple of the face, on one side or the other, or by the two sides.
When it is frontal sinus disease, the headache will be in the forehead, unilaterally or on both sides.
Sphenoid and ethmoid sinusitis may present headache irradiation to the entire head, to the frontal, lateral or posterior area of the skull.
possible aggravations
With the headache, there are usually nasal symptoms, such as nasal secretion, nasal stuffiness, yellowish or clear runny nose.
In migraine, the so-called autonomic phenomena may appear, generally on the same side of the pain, however, the crisis is characterized as self-limiting, lasting up to 72 hours, when nasal signs should disappear, otherwise the diagnosis of the disease should be ruled out.
Chronic sinusitis, most of the time, is not shown to be the cause of the headache, the intense headache.
Allergic rhinitis, with nasal stuffiness, sneezing, difficulty breathing, itchy nose, may be related and trigger the disease.
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treatment for sinusitis
The causes for the disease can be several, acute sinusitis can be characterized bacterial, or viral, or less commonly associated with more causes, for example, fungi.
Diagnosing sinusitis occurs through clinical suspicion with headache, headache, and systemic and nasal symptoms, such as general malaise, fever, fatigue, body pain.
Computed tomography is the perfect exam for defining the extent and location of the disease.
Its treatment is carried out with antibiotics, if any bacterial agent is noticed, such as hemophilus, pneumococci.
Corticoids are generally associated with the treatment of sinusitis, both viral and bacterial.
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What Can Cause Chronic Sinusitis and Possible Home Treatment?
Chronic sinusitis is a common condition in which the cavities around the nasal passages, or sinuses, become inflamed and swollen for at least 12 weeks, despite attempts at treatment.
Symptoms of Chronic Sinusitis
At least 2 of the 4 main signs and symptoms of chronic sinusitis must be present with confirmation of nasal inflammation to diagnose the condition. They are:
- discolored, thick discharge from the nose or drainage down the back of the throat
- nasal obstruction or congestion, causing difficulty breathing through your nose
- pain, tenderness, and swelling around the eyes, cheeks, nose, or forehead
- reduced sense of smell and taste in adults, or cough in children
Other signs and symptoms may include:
- ear pain
- pain in the upper jaw and teeth
- cough that may be worse at night
- sore throat
- bad breath
- fatigue or irritability
- nausea
Chronic sinusitis and acute sinusitis have similar signs and symptoms, but acute sinusitis is a temporary sinus infection often associated with a cold.
The signs and symptoms of chronic sinusitis last longer and often cause more fatigue.
Fever is not a common sign of chronic sinusitis, but one can have one with acute sinusitis.
Common causes of chronic sinusitis include:
- nasal polyps
- nasal septum deviation
- other medical conditions
- respiratory tract infections
- allergies like hay fever
Treatment
The goal of treating chronic sinusitis is to:
- reduce sinus inflammation
- keep the nasal passages draining
- eliminate the underlying cause
- reduce the number of sinusitis flare-ups
home remedies
These tips can help relieve sinusitis symptoms:
- Rest. This will help the body fight inflammation and speed up recovery.
- Drink liquids like water or juice. This will help thin out mucus secretions and promote drainage.
- Avoid drinks that contain caffeine or alcohol, which can be dehydrating.
- Drinking alcohol can also make swelling of the lining of the sinuses and nose worse.
- Moisturize the sinus cavities.
- Apply warm compresses to the face. Place warm, damp towels around your nose, cheeks, and eyes to relieve facial pain.
- Rinse the nasal passages. Use a specially designed bottle, such as a sinus rinse, to rinse your nasal passages. This home remedy, called a nasal wash, can help clear your sinuses.
- Sleeping with your head elevated is another tip. This will help your sinuses drain, reducing congestion.
Important Note
In the case of changes in the body, pain, discomfort, it is essential to visit the doctor to find out if there is a need for adequate treatment in each case.
Seek immediate medical help if you experience any of the following that could indicate a serious infection:
- High fever
- swelling or redness around the eyes
- severe headache
- confusion
- double vision or other vision changes
- stiff neck
